The behaviour of building occupants in the first stage of an evacuation can dramatically impact the time required to evacuate buildings. This behaviour has been widely investigated by scholars with a macroscopic approach fitting random distributions to represent the pre-evacuatio…
Points: 3 | Comments: 4 | Author: yonatan06
The following theorem is proved. Let $X_1, X_2, \cdots, X_n$ be $n$ independently (but not necessarily identically) distributed random variables, and assume that the $n$th moment of each $X_i(i = 1, 2, \cdots, n)$ exists. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence…
Deconvolution problems arise in a variety of situations in statistics. An interesting problem is to estimate the density $f$ of a random variable $X$ based on $n$ i.i.d. observations from $Y = X + \varepsilon$, where $\varepsilon$ is a measurement error with a known distribution.…
Whitening, or sphering, is a common preprocessing step in statistical analysis to transform random variables to orthogonality. However, due to rotational freedom there are infinitely many possible whitening procedures. Consequently, there is a diverse range of sphering methods in…
We present identification and astrometry of all previously known or suspected variables along with the discovery of six new variables in the globular cluster M3. The number of the catalogized variables increased to 274 by including all the confirme...
All things about which data are collected are variables, however, not all variables are measured or represent the world in the same way. There are several ways variables can be defined and …
Causal discovery from data affected by unobserved variables is an important but difficult problem to solve. The effects that unobserved variables have on the relationships between observed variables are more complex in nonlinear cases than in linear...
free variable refers to variables used in a function that are neither local variables nor parameters of that function. The term non-local variable is often
Jan 30, 2020 · Variables in science are factors that can be controlled, changed, or measured in experiments. Independent variables are changed in an experiment, while dependent variables are …
Tags: java, multithreading, servlets, session-variables, instance-variables | Score: 1265
We introduce z-transportability, the problem of estimating the causal effect of a set of variables X on another set of variables Y in a target domain from experiments on any subset of controllable variables Z where Z is an arbitrary subset of observa...
In optimizing real-world structures, due to fabrication or budgetary restraints, the design variables may be restricted to a set of standard engineering choices. Such variables, commonly called categorical variables, are discrete and unordered in ess...
Affine variables, which have the virtue of preserving the positive-definite character of matrix-like objects, have been suggested as replacements for the canonical variables of standard quantization schemes, especially in the context of quantum gra...
Aug 26, 2025 · 0 Cloud variables have limitations, for example, you cannot store letters and symbols in cloud variables. Also cloud variables always would take an eternity to reload, like I tried in my scratch …
Dec 14, 2025 · Both discrete and continuous variables generally do have changing values—and a discrete variable can vary continuously with time. I am quite aware that discrete variables are those …
Dec 14, 2025 · Both discrete and continuous variables generally do have changing values—and a discrete variable can vary continuously with time. I am quite aware that discrete variables are those …
Jun 7, 2021 · I would like to know the full list of variables that I can use in Windows Explorer or related relative paths that is accepted by Windows 10. Variables like %appdata ...
Circulate the values of N variables (⭐ 2)