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Cougar

Wild cat species native to the Americas

The cougar ( KOO-gər; Puma concolor), also called puma, mountain lion, catamount, and panther, is a large feline native to the Americas. It inhabits North, Central and South America, making it the most widely distributed wild, terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere, and one of the most widespread in the world. Its range spans Yukon, British Columbia and Alberta in Canada, the Rocky Mountains and areas in the western United States. Further south, its range extends through Mexico to the Amazon rainforest and the southern Andes Mountains in Patagonia. It is an adaptable generalist species, occurring in most American habitat types. It prefers habitats with dense underbrush and rocky areas for stalking but also lives in open areas. The cougar is largely solitary. Its activity pattern varies from diurnality and cathemerality to crepuscularity and nocturnality between protected and non-protected areas, and is apparently correlated with the presence of other predators, prey species, livestock and humans.

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Article table of contents 24 sections
1 Naming and etymology
2 Taxonomy and evolution
2.1 Subspecies
2.2 Evolution
3 Characteristics
4 Distribution and habitat
5 Behavior and ecology
5.1 Hunting and diet
5.2 Interactions with other predators
5.3 Social spacing and interactions
5.4 Reproduction and life cycle
6 Threats
7 Conservation
8 Relationships with humans
8.1 Attacks on humans
8.1.1 In North America
8.1.2 In South America
8.2 Predation on domestic animals
8.3 In mythology
9 See also
10 Explanatory notes
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
Categories
Animal taxa named by Carl LinnaeusApex predatorsBig catsCarnivorans of BrazilCougarExtant Middle Pleistocene first appearancesFauna listed on CITES Appendix IIFauna of the AmazonFauna of the California chaparral and woodlandsFelidae of Central AmericaFelidae of North AmericaFelidae of South AmericaIUCN Red List least concern speciesMammals described in 1771Mammals of PatagoniaMammals of the AndesPleistocene carnivoransPleistocene mammals of North AmericaPleistocene mammals of South AmericaPuma (genus)
External references
Recent revisions
Randy KrynAug 12, 2026 1:51 PM — /* In South America */ uppercase per direct link (Southern Cone)
MatthewmichaelageeJul 20, 2026 11:07 AM — /* Behavior and ecology */
RandomEditsForWhenIRememberJul 5, 2026 11:29 PM — /* Predation on domestic animals */ archive.today -> web.archive + ref expansion
DocWatson42Jun 21, 2026 8:02 AM — /* External links */ Made a minor correction.
W.andreaJun 7, 2026 1:56 AM — /* */ Put pronunciation immediately after the word; join parentheticals.
W.andreaJun 7, 2026 1:55 AM — /* */ Fix respell formatting
Contributors
CrystallizedcarbonLymantriaPbsouthwoodGraham87PvmoutsideCarcharothBhagyaManiInternetArchiveBotAnomieBOTMusikBotEmausBotCydebot
Templates used
CatamountMountain lion;Anglicise rankAs ofAuthority controlCarnivoraCategory handlerCite IUCNCite bookCite encyclopediaCite iucnCite journalCite magazineCite news
Redirects to this article
KuguarMountain LionPuma concolorCatamountFelis ConcolorCatamountsSuçuaranaFelis concolorMountain lionsMexican lionWisconsin CougarCougarsCougerRed TigerRed Panther
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Wikidata knowledge graph Q35255

cougar

species of mammal

Connected to 125 Wikimedia sitelinks
Instance of
taxon
Subclass of
big cat, Felinae
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