In any Abelian gauge theory with an action periodic in the link variables one can perform a duality transformation not only in the partition function, but also in correlation functions including Polyakov loops. The calculation of expectation values...
The dually transformed path integral of four-dimensional U(1) lattice gauge theory is used for the calculation of expectation values in the presence of external charges. Applying the dual simulation to flux tubes for charge distances up to around 2...
I've heard about the "dead internet theory" and never really thought much of it. But recently, I've noticed that the web is incredibly annoying in just about every single way imaginable. I dont wanna ...
We improve on the Popov theory for partially Bose-Einstein condensed atomic gases by treating the phase fluctuations exactly. As a result, the theory becomes valid in arbitrary dimensions and is able to describe the low-temperature crossover betwee...
This is an introductory lecture to the theory of degenerate Fermi gases, in the context of present experiments on atomic Fermi gases. In part one, some properties of the ideal Fermi gas are presented, including a discussion of the fluctuations of t...
We review the issue of chronology protection and show how string theory can solve it in the half BPS sector of AdS/CFT. According to the LLM prescription, half BPS excitations of AdS_5 x S^5 geometries in type IIB string theory can be mapped into f...
The Heisenberg, interaction, and Schrödinger pictures of motion are considered in Lagrangian (canonical) quantum field theory. The equations of motion (for state vectors and field operators) are derived for arbitrary Lagrangians which are polynomi...
Oct 22, 2025 · Web site dedicated to the study of Music Theory. Articles, reference, interactive exercises.
Witten's open string field theory with a generalized version of stubs is reformulated as a cubic string field theory using an auxiliary string field. The gauge symmetries and equations of motion as well as the associative algebra of the resulting the...
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In this paper we propose a novel image encryption scheme. The proposed method is based on the chaos theory. Our cryptosystem uses the chaos theory to define a dynamic chaotic Look-Up Table (LUT) to compute the new value of the current pixel to cipher...
One manifestation of quantum chaos is a random-matrix-like fine-grained energy spectrum. Prior to the inverse level spacing time, random matrix theory predicts a `ramp' of increasing variance in the connected part of the spectral form factor. However...
The Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian for gravity is non-renormalizable at loop level. However, it can be treated in the effective field theory framework which means that gravity as an effective theory can be renormalized when a proper expansion of the eff...
Using standard methods from string theory, this paper presents a comprehensive survey about the most important aspects of the theory of sand. Special interest is put on the examination of the sand-wind duality and the interaction of ordinary (non-s...
This is the seventh part in a series of papers in which we introduce and develop a natural, general tensor category theory for suitable module categories for a vertex (operator) algebra. In this paper (Part VII), we give sufficient conditions for the...
We consider a strongly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a spherical harmonic trap. The system is treated by applying a slave-boson representation for hard-core bosons. A renormalized Gross-Pitaevskii theory is derived for the condensate wave...
We simulate $ SU(2) $ lattice gauge theory using dynamical reduced staggered fermions. The latter lead to two rather than four Dirac fermions in the continuum limit. We review the derivation and properties of reduced staggered fermions and show that...
We develop a mean-field theory of the growth, exchange and distribution (GED) model introduced by Kang et al. (preceding paper) that accurately describes the phase transition in the limit that the number of agents $N$ approaches infinity. The GED mod...
In classical information theory one can, in principle, produce a perfect copy of any input state. In quantum information theory, the no cloning theorem prohibits exact copying of nonorthogonal states. Moreover, if we wish to copy multiparticle enta...
We revisit Popper's falsifiability criterion. A tester hires a potential expert to produce a theory, offering payments contingent on the observed performance of the theory. In our model, instead of knowing the true data-generating process, the expert...