compute what they refer to as "semantic relatedness" by means of cosine similarity between the aforementioned vectors, collectively interpreted as a
Mar 18, 2025 · Spinors are mathematical objects used to describe the quantum states of particles like electrons. Unlike vectors, which you might be more familiar with, spinors have unique properties that …
Non-relativistic quantum description of particles with spin. The operator associated with the spin of a particle is a vector observable. Its components satisfy the commutation relations that define an …
This means that a spinor essentially consists of two parts: (1) a vector — which describes the flagpole; and (2) an additional direction, perpendicular to the flag pole — which represents the flag.
In geometry and physics, spinors (pronounced "spinner" IPA / spɪnər /) are elements of a complex vector space that can be associated with Euclidean space.
In geometry and physics, spinors (pronounced "spinner" IPA / spɪnər /) are elements of a complex vector space that can be associated with Euclidean space.
taking value 1 at all points of S. Perfect lattices were introduced by Korkine & Zolotareff (1877). A strongly perfect lattice is one whose minimal vectors
combinatorics, the Gale transform turns the vertices of any convex polytope into a set of vectors or points in a space of a different dimension, the Gale diagram
Feb 14, 2026 · When normals are considered on closed surfaces, the inward-pointing normal (pointing towards the interior of the surface) and outward-pointing normal are usually distinguished.
Like vectors, normals are represented by three components x, y, and z; they can be added and subtracted to compute new normals; and they can be scaled and normalized. However, a normal …
In geometry, a normal is an object (e.g. a line, ray, or vector) that is perpendicular to a given object. For example, the normal line to a plane curve at a given point is the infinite straight line perpendicular to …
In composite Higgs models light fermionic top partners often play an important role in obtaining a 126 GeV Higgs mass. The presence of these top partners implies that coloured vector mesons, or massive gluon partners, most likely exist. Since the cou...
This paper describes a study of B meson decays to the pseudoscalar-vector final state ρπusing 31.9\times 10^6 B\bar{B} events collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. The branching fractions B(B^+ \to ρ^0π^+) = (8.0^{+2.3+0.7}_{-2.0-0.7}) \ti...
Image vectorization aims to convert raster images into editable, scalable vector representations while preserving visual fidelity. Existing vectorization methods struggle to represent complex real-world images, often producing fragmented shapes at th...
A Rust runtime that unifies relational tables, graph relationships, and vector embeddings in a single tensor-based storage layer with distributed consensus and semantic search (⭐ 73)
We show how the Newton-Hooke (NH) symmetries, representing a nonrelativistic version of de-Sitter symmetries, can be enlarged by a pair of translation vectors describing in Galilean limit the class of accelerations linear in time. We study the Cart...
We study random vectors of the form $(\operatorname {Tr}(A^{(1)}V),...,\operatorname {Tr}(A^{(r)}V))$, where $V$ is a uniformly distributed element of a matrix version of a classical compact symmetric space, and the $A^{(ν)}$ are deterministic par...
We use a subtraction method to construct NLO corrections in a Monte-Carlo event generator for the case of vector boson production in Drell-Yan processes. Our calculations are carried out both for the Bengtsson-Sjostrand-van Zijl (BSZ) algorithm and...
transform.rotation = Quaternion.LookRotation(Input.acceleration.normalized, Vector3.up); But i would like to rotate object like for example screen is rotating - 0, 90, 180 and 360 degrees. How can I do it …
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