Planar maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory (N=4 SYM) is a special quantum field theory. A few of its remarkable features are conformal symmetry at the quantum level, evidence of integrability and, moreover, it is a prime example of the AdS/CFT...
After a review of the arrows of time, we describe the possibilities of a time-asymmetry in quantum theory. Whereas Hilbert space quantum mechanics is time-symmetric, the rigged Hilbert space formulation, which arose from Dirac's bra-ket formalism,...
This paper is the write-up version of the theory summary talk given at the HSQCD 2008 Workshop in Gatchina, Russia. Recent theoretical developments and results are summarized focusing on works that point out new perspectives, ranging from perturbat...
Gauge theory is the foundation of the particle physics Standard Model (SM). Considering the multiple gauge sectors for one gauge transformation, we study the generalized Abelian and non-Abelian (Yang-Mills theory) gauge theories. We first point out t...
In these lecture notes presented at the 2015 Villa de Leyva Summer School, we give an introduction to superstring theory. We begin by studying the particle and superparticle in order to get a better understanding on the superstring side. Afterwards,...
The inflationary scenario has become the paradigm of early universe cosmology, and - in conjuction with ideas from superstring theory - has led to speculations about an "inflationary multiverse". From a point of view of phenomenology, the inflationar...
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We present an improved Fredholm theory of non-elliptic operators for when the corresponding classical dynamical system exhibits normally hyperbolic trapping with smooth backward and forward trapped sets. It takes place on coisotropic Sobolev spaces w...
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Combining tools from category theory, model theory, and non-standard analysis we extend Baker-Beynon dualities to the classes of all Abelian $\ell$-groups and all Riesz spaces (also known as vector lattices). The extended dualities have a strong geom...
We present a simple theory that uses thermodynamic parameters to predict the probability that a protein retains the wildtype structure after one or more random amino acid substitutions. Our theory predicts that for large numbers of substitutions th...
It is shown that the gravity-induced electric polarization of intrastellar plasma must be taken into consideration at formulation of a star theory, as plasma in the stars is electrically polarized....
I outline the effective field theory (EFT) calculation of nucleon-nucleon scattering which was recently carried out to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) by Noam Shoresh and myself. In this calculation only potential pion contributions are includ...
The $U(1)\times SU(2)$ Chern-Simons gauge theory is applied to study the 2-D $t-J$ model describing the normal state of underdoped cuprate superconductors. The U(1) field produces a flux phase for holons converting them into Dirac-like fermions, wh...
We suggest an alternative approach to deconfine N =1 SU(N) supersymmetric gauge theory with a symmetric tensor, fundamentals, anti-fundamentals, and no superpotential. It is found that although the dual prescription derived by this new method of de...
ZFC has sentences that quantify over all sets or all ordinals, without restriction. Some have argued that sentences of this kind lack a determinate meaning. We propose a set theory called TOPS, using Natural Deduction, that avoids this problem by spe...
We first apply the transformation of mixing azimuthal and internal coordinate to the 11D M-theory with a stack N M2-branes to find the spacetime of a stack of N D2-branes with Melvin one-form in 10D IIA string theory, after the Kaluza-Klein reducti...
We review the twistor approach to the Zhang-Hu theory of the four-dimensional Quantum Hall effect. We point out the key role played by the group Spin(4,4), as the symmetry group of the boundary. It is argued that this group, which ignores the squar...
We develop a kinetic theory of point vortices in two-dimensional hydrodynamics taking collective effects into account. We first recall the approach of Dubin & O'Neil [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1286 (1988)] that leads to a Lenard-Balescu-type kinetic equat...
By taking large mass and charge limit of a black hole in string theory we can create arbitrarily large regions where the space-time is approximately flat, but the moduli fields take values different from their asymptotic values. In this paper we desc...