Natural history narratives for more than 300 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians found in Pennsylvania and throughout the northeastern United States-written in an engaging, straightforward style.An invaluable addition to any nature-lover's library. Each narrative…
A total of 400 women referred consecutively to a gynaecological urology clinic was questioned with regard to their sexual activity and were subsequently investigated by cystometry to establish the prevalence of urinary incontinence occurring during intercourse, and to define the…
Dysfunction of the lower urinary tract in general and the overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) in particular are prevalent and have major impact on the quality of life of the afflicted patients and their partners. We concisely review sex and gender differences in patients and animal…
Amniotic fluid (AF) is a complex substance essential to fetal well-being. This article reviews recent discoveries and the current understanding of the origin and circulation of AF and its nutritive, protective, and diagnostic functions. Future directions for AF research are also…
Canadian Urological Association guideline on the care of the normal foreskin and neonatal circumcision in Canadian infants (full version)
Approximately 60% of Japanese men void in the sitting position at home. There are certain differences in the associations of LUTS and health conditions with voiding position by age, while seated voiding is consistently associated with marital status throughout all ages, which imp…
For healthy men, no difference is found in any of the urodynamic parameters. In patients with LUTS, the sitting position is linked with an improved urodynamic profile.
A new patient operated key-pad device provided a reliably objective measure of sensations of urge during urodynamics without the need for prompting. Neuromodulation using noninvasive pudendal afferent stimulation suppressed these sensations whilst increasing bladder volume.
A new presentation technique is introduce to describe the neuronal circuitry involved in the control of the uropoëtic system and its control mechanisms during the micturition cycle. This method is based on the preparation of flow charts and is applied to the discussion of four qu…
Some of the most recent work investigating the cerebral mechanisms involved in bladder control has been very helpful in adding to our understanding of bladder dysfunction. The group behind this work, from London, presents a mini-review which will help to update our knowledge in t…
These results indicate that in the anesthetized rat activation of urethral afferents by urethral perfusion can modulate the micturition reflex. Thus in patients with stress urinary incontinence, leakage of urine into the proximal urethra may stimulate urethral afferents and facil…
During micturition, according to the concept of Blok, Holstege, and colleagues ([1997] Neurosci. Lett. 233:109-112), the pontine micturition center (PMC) elicits bladder contraction by way of direct excitation of the parasympathetic bladder motoneurons. At the same time, the PMC…
Micturition is a spino-bulbo-spinal reflex. The bulbospinal part of this reflex is formed by the projections from the M-region, also called the pontine micturition center or Barrington's nucleus, to the preganglionic parasympathetic motoneurons in the sacral cord innervating the…
1. Reflexes to sacral parasympathetic neurones were studied by electrophysiological techniques in decerebrate, in chloralose-anaesthetized, and in chronic spinal cats.2. Excitatory reflexes from pelvic nerve and sacral somatic afferent nerve fibres were present before and after c…
With the continued aging of the population, the incidence of conditions associated with bladder control will continue to grow. In this article, we review the neurophysiology and pathophysiology of the bladder and urethra and discuss logical concepts for the development of novel d…
We have investigated with light and electron microscope immunocytochemistry the aminergic and peptidergic innervation of Onuf's nucleus in adult baboons. This nucleus, located in the ventrolateral part of the sacral spinal cord (S2 and S3), is considered to control urethral and a…
The evidence-based statements are provided for diagnosis and overall management of OAB, as well as for the various treatments. Diagnosis and treatment methodologies can be expected to change as the evidence base grows and as new treatment strategies become obtainable.
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