Electric grid faults can cause catastrophic wildfires, particularly in regions with high winds and low humidity. In real-time operations, electric utilities are often left with few options for wildfire risk mitigation, leading to use of disruptive me...
Mar 28, 2024 · The food you eat every day can make a difference in your health. Diet affects your risk of getting some cancers, heart disease or type 2 diabetes. Diet also affects the risk of low bone density …
When might human input help (or not) when assessing risk in fairness domains? Dressel and Farid (2018) asked Mechanical Turk workers to evaluate a subset of defendants in the ProPublica COMPAS data for risk of recidivism, and concluded that COMPAS pr...
Research involving at-risk users -- that is, users who are more likely to experience a digital attack or to be disproportionately affected when harm from such an attack occurs -- can pose significant safety challenges to both users and researchers. N...
This paper investigates the risk-return relationship in determination of housing asset pricing. In so doing, the paper evaluates behavioral hypotheses advanced by Case and Shiller (1988, 2002, 2009) in studies of boom and post-boom housing markets. T...
Social media usage is often cited as a potential driver behind the rising suicide rates. However, distinguishing the causal effect - whether social media increases the risk of suicide - from reverse causality, where individuals already at higher risk...
Flood risk managers seek to optimise Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) designs to maximise return on investment. Current systems often use optimisation algorithms and detailed flood models to maximise benefit-cost ratios for single rainstorm return per...
One possible way of risk management for an insurance company is to develop an early and appropriate alarm system before the possible ruin. The ruin is defined through the status of the aggregate risk process, which in turn is determined by premium ac...
In the United States and elsewhere, risk assessment algorithms are being used to help inform criminal justice decision-makers. A common intent is to forecast an offender's ``future dangerousness.'' Such algorithms have been correctly criticized for p...
In the paper there is studied an optimal saving model in which the interest-rate risk for saving is a fuzzy number. The total utility of consumption is defined by using a concept of possibilistic expected utility. A notion of possibilistic precaution...
We formulate the insurance risk process in a general Levy process setting, and give general theorems for the ruin probability and the asymptotic distribution of the overshoot of the process above a high level, when the process drifts to -\infty a.s...
Objective: To examine the moderation effects of hormonal factors on the associations between vascular risk factors and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in men and women, separately. Methods: WMH were automatically segmented and quantified in the U...
There is a curious absence of legal constraints on U.S. government agencies undertaking potentially risky scientific research. Some of these activities may present a risk of killing millions or even destroying the planet. Current law leaves it to age...
Transporting hazardous materials (hazmats) using tank cars has more significant economic benefits than other transportation modes. Although railway transportation is roughly four times more fuel-efficient than roadway transportation, a train derailme...
This paper investigates the determinants of end-user adoption of the DuckDuckGo search engine coupling the standard UTAUT model with factors to reflect reputation, risk, and trust. An experimental approach was taken to validate our model, where parti...
We study the problem of determining risk-minimizing investment strategies for insurance payment processes in the presence of taxes and expenses. We consider the situation where taxes and expenses are paid continuously and symmetrically and introduce...
We study a pure-exchange incomplete-market economy with heterogeneous agents. In each period, the agents choose how much to save (i.e., invest in a risk-free bond), how much to consume, and which bundle of goods to consume while their endowments are...
Estimation of the value-at-risk (VaR) of a large portfolio of assets is an important task for financial institutions. As the joint log-returns of asset prices can often be projected to a latent space of a much smaller dimension, the use of a variatio...
The legality of training language models (LMs) on copyrighted or otherwise restricted data is under intense debate. However, as we show, model performance significantly degrades if trained only on low-risk text (e.g., out-of-copyright books or govern...
One primary task of population health analysis is the identification of risk factors that, for some subpopulation, have a significant association with some health condition. Examples include finding lifestyle factors associated with chronic diseases...