Density waves in the central kpc of galaxies, taking the form of spirals, bars and/or lopsided density distributions are potential actors of the redistribution of angular momentum. They thus play an important role in the overall evolution of the ce...
different random values. In practice, probability distributions are often described using cumulative distribution functions, probability mass functions or probability
High-Definition (HD) maps are needed for robust navigation of autonomous vehicles, limited by the on-board storage capacity. To solve this, we propose a novel framework, Environment-Aware Normal Distributions Transform (EA-NDT), that significantly im...
The evolution of the probability distributions of Japan and US major market indices, NIKKEI 225 and NASDAQ composite index, and $JPY/DEM$ and $DEM/USD$ currency exchange rates is described by means of the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE). In order to d...
Based on the complete set of firm data for Sweden (N = 1,187,421; November 2011), we analyze the mutual information among the geographical, technological, and organizational distributions in terms of synergies at regional and national levels. Mutual...
Measured values of the differential cross section for pion-nucleon charge exchange are presented at momenta 148, 174, 188, 212, 238, 271, 298, and 323 MeV/c, a region dominated by the Delta resonance. Complete angular distributions were obtained us...
The overpotential, dissociation rate, electrode potential distributions and current density are suggested in this study to analyze the Nickel Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (NVRFB). Due to its large capacity and ecofriendly properties, NVRFB may be a vi...
I review progress in calculating strange quark and antiquark distributions of the nucleon using the meson cloud model. This progress parallels that of the meson cloud model, which is now a useful theoretical basis for understanding symmetry breaking...
A fundamental problem in statistics is estimating the shape matrix of an Elliptical distribution. This generalizes the familiar problem of Gaussian covariance estimation, for which the sample covariance achieves optimal estimation error. For Elliptic...
We find a remarkable agreement between the statistics of a randomly divided interval and the observed statistical patterns and distributions found in horse racing betting markets. We compare the distribution of implied winning odds, the average true...
We prove that random low-degree polynomials (over $\mathbb{F}_2$) are unbiased, in an extremely general sense. That is, we show that random low-degree polynomials are good randomness extractors for a wide class of distributions. Prior to our work, su...
Identifiability of phylogenetic models is a necessary condition to ensure that the model parameters can be uniquely determined from data. Mixture models are phylogenetic models where the probability distributions in the model are convex combinations...
In the absence of efficient collisions, deviations from thermal equilibrium of plasma particle distributions are controlled by the self-generated instabilities. The whistler instability is a notorious example, usually responsible for the regulation o...
The Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) is a 524-orbit multi-cycle treasury program to use the gravitational lensing properties of 25 galaxy clusters to accurately constrain their mass distributions. The survey, described in deta...
We present a measurement of semi-inclusive spin asymmetries for positively and negatively charged hadrons from deep inelastic scattering of polarised muons on polarised protons and deuterons in the range $0.003<x<0.7$ and $Q^2>$1 GeV$^2$. Compared...
In this paper, we derive a general representation for the expectation of the Gini coefficient estimator in terms of the Laplace transform of the underlying distribution, together with the mean and the Gini coefficient of its exponentially tilted vers...
We introduce the bivariate unit-log-symmetric model based on the bivariate log-symmetric distribution (BLS) defined in [Vila et al., 2022, Bivariate Log-symmetric Models: Theoretical Properties and Parameter Estimation. Avaliable at arXiv:2211.13839]...
Non-convex optimization problems often arise from probabilistic modeling, such as estimation of posterior distributions. Non-convexity makes the problems intractable, and poses various obstacles for us to design efficient algorithms. In this work, we...
The space-time foliation Sigma compatible with the gravitational field g on a 4-manifold M determines a fibration pi of M, pi : M -> N is a surjective submersion over the 1-dimensional leaves space N. M is then written as a disjoint union of the le...
Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of magnitude hotter than t...
We consider the problem of estimating the partition function $Z(β)=\sum_x \exp(β(H(x))$ of a Gibbs distribution with the Hamiltonian $H:Ω\rightarrow\{0\}\cup[1,n]$. As shown in [Harris & Kolmogorov 2024], the log-ratio $q=\ln (Z(β_{\max})/Z(β_{\...
This note examines financial distributions to competing teams at the end of the most famous multiple stage professional (male) bicyclist race, TOUR DE FRANCE. A rank-size law (RSL) is calculated for the team financial gains. The RSL is found to be hy...
The asymptotic efficiency of the spatial sign covariance matrix (SSCM) relative to affine equivariant estimates of scatter is studied in detail. In particular, the SSCM is shown to be asymptoticaly inadmissible, i.e. the asymptotic variance-covarianc...
First discovered by L. R. Taylor (1961, Nature), Taylor's Power Law (TPL) correlates the mean (M) population abundances and the corresponding variances (V) across a set of insect populations using a power function (V=aM^b). TPL has demonstrated its '...
Data from e+e- annihilation into hadrons collected by the JADE experiment at centre-of-mass energies between 14 GeV and 44 GeV were used to study moments of event shape distributions. The data were compared with Monte Carlo models and with predicti...
We present an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model of photospheric lithium depletion in cool stars (3000 < Teff / K < 6500), producing estimates and probability distributions of age from Li I 6708A equivalent width (LiEW) and effective temperature d...
Jul 10, 2017 · In "cross"-entropy, as the name suggests, we focus on the number of bits required to explain the difference in two different probability distributions. The best case scenario is that both …
Our concrete objective is to present both ordinary bisimulations and probabilistic bisimulations in a common coalgebraic framework based on multiset bisimulations. For that we show how to relate the underlying powerset and probabilistic distributions...
Consider the case of many sensors, each returning very different types of data (e.g., a camera returning images, a thermometer returning probability distributions, a newspaper returning articles, a traffic counter returning numbers). Additionally we...
We propose to develop a wide-field and ultra-high-precision photometric survey mission, temporarily named "Earth 2.0 (ET)". This mission is designed to measure, for the first time, the occurrence rate and the orbital distributions of Earth-sized plan...
The equation of state of the linear sigma model in the mean field approximation is used as input in a relativistic hydrodynamical numerical routine. Longitudinal and transverse energy distributions are calculated and compared with those obtained fr...
We explore the house price distributions for the English cities of London, Manchester, Bristol, Newcastle, Birmingham and Leeds. We find Pareto (power law) behaviour in their upper tails, which is clearly distinct from lognormal and gamma distributio...
In the Monte Carlo (MC) method statistical noise is usually present. Statistical noise may become dominant in the calculation of a distribution, usually by iteration, but is less Important in calculating integrals. The subject of the present work is...
We study two M 51-type systems Arp 68 and Arp 58, which strongly differ by their stellar masses, gas content and environment. Long-slit spectral observations obtained at the 6-m telescope BTA were used to trace the distributions of a line-of-sight (L...
We compare the elongation rate and Xmax distributions for three air-fluorescence experiments: Stereo Fly's Eye, HiRes/MIA, and HiRes. A shift of 13 gm/cm^3 of the stereo Fly's Eye data, well within the quoted systematic errors, brings the elongatio...
We consider the CEO problem for non-regular source distributions (such as uniform or truncated Gaussian). A group of agents observe independently corrupted versions of data and transmit coded versions over rate-limited links to a CEO. The CEO then es...
Determining whether two sets of images belong to the same or different distributions or domains is a crucial task in modern medical image analysis and deep learning; for example, to evaluate the output quality of image generative models. Currently, m...
Motivated by Kleinberg's (2000) and subsequent work, we consider the performance of greedy routing on a directed ring of $n$ nodes augmented with long-range contacts. In this model, each node $u$ is given an additional $D_u$ edges, a degree chosen fr...
As many other machine learning driven medical image analysis tasks, skin image analysis suffers from a chronic lack of labeled data and skewed class distributions, which poses problems for the training of robust and well-generalizing models. The abil...