In railway engineering, the term tractive effort describes the pulling or pushing capability of a locomotive. The published tractive force value for any
This paper presents a critical examination of current approaches to replicating OpenAI's O1 model capabilities, with particular focus on the widespread but often undisclosed use of knowledge distillation techniques. While our previous work explored t...
Reinforcement learning scaling enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models, with reinforcement learning serving as the key technique to draw out complex reasoning. However, key technical details of state-of-the-art reasoning LLMs, su...
Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased their ability to perform complex reasoning tasks, but their effectiveness in planning remains underexplored. In this study, we evaluate the planning capabilities of OpenAI's o1 models...
We present rStar-Math to demonstrate that small language models (SLMs) can rival or even surpass the math reasoning capability of OpenAI o1, without distillation from superior models. rStar-Math achieves this by exercising "deep thinking" through Mon...
As a dedicated follower of sports statistics and with the MLB season beginning in late March, I set out to predict how many wins each team would accumulate by the end of the 162 game season. The goal was to build a simulation framework capable of for...
telecommunications, communications blackouts are a cessation of communications or communications capability, caused by a lack of power to a communications facility
Terahertz communications are envisioned as a key enabler for 6G networks. The abundant spectrum available in such ultra high frequencies has the potential to increase network capacity to huge data rates. However, they are extremely affected by blocka...
Max level ironman here, 260+ days played, voted yes to sailing, (btw) When we came together 2 years ago with 117hd it was truly a masterpiece. As I continue to play this game post max, my biggest f...
In this paper, we introduce SUTRA, multilingual Large Language Model architecture capable of understanding, reasoning, and generating text in over 50 languages. SUTRA's design uniquely decouples core conceptual understanding from language-specific pr...
Today's distributed and pervasive computing addresses large-scale cyber-physical ecosystems, characterised by dense and large networks of devices capable of computation, communication and interaction with the environment and people. While most resear...
A novel radio-frequency antenna consisting of isolated solenoids is reported to generate plasma for pressure up to thousands of pascals. The underlying mechanism involves capacitive coupling, inductive coupling and axial confinement from magnetic mir...
We present PORTAL, a novel framework for developing artificial intelligence agents capable of playing thousands of 3D video games through language-guided policy generation. By transforming decision-making problems into language modeling tasks, our ap...
Emerging technologies for mobile broadband wireless are being considered as a Commercial Off-The-Shelf solution to cover the operational requirements of the future warfare. The capabilities of these technologies are being enhanced to meet the growing...
Jan 28, 2026 · At Davos 2026, the central challenge of innovation was framed not as invention, but as building the institutional capacity to diffuse technologies safely and effectively at scale.
A circle graph is a graph in which the adjacency of vertices can be represented as the intersection of chords of a circle. The problem of calculating the chromatic number is known to be NP-complete, even on circle graphs. In this paper, we propose a...
I have been noticing performance that is WAY below what this pc should be capable of. 120 fps on 1440p low on the division 2 200 fps max in battlefield redsec with low settings and frame gen but wh...
Large language models (LLMs) enhance security through alignment when widely used, but remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks capable of producing inappropriate content. Jailbreak detection methods show promise in mitigating jailbreak attacks through...
ther•mal (thûr′ məl), adj. Physics Also, thermic. of, pertaining to, or caused by heat or temperature: thermal capacity. of, pertaining to, or of the nature of thermae: thermal waters. Clothing designed to …
Reinforcement learning (RL) is inherently rife with non-stationarity since the states and rewards the agent observes during training depend on its changing policy. Therefore, networks in deep RL must be capable of adapting to new observations and fit...