Granger causality is a statistical notion of causal influence based on prediction via vector autoregression. For Gaussian variables it is equivalent to transfer entropy, an information-theoretic measure of time-directed information transfer between j...
After a reminder about how $ΔS\neq 0$ physics has been instrumental for the development of the Standard Model I sketch theoretical technologies for dealing with nonperturbative QCD in heavy flavour decays and state predictions for CP odd effects a...
We believe that "all men are created equal". With the rise of the police shootings reported by media, more people in the U.S. think that police use excessive force during law enforcement, especially to a specific group of people. We want to apply mul...
The emergence of superconductivity in slightly-misaligned graphene bilayer [1] and moiré excitons in MoSe$_2$-WSe$_2$ van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures [2] is intimately related to the formation of a 2D superlattice in those systems. At variance,...
A fast and effective approach to obtain information regarding software development problems is to search them to find similar solved problems or post questions on community question answering (CQA) websites. Solving coding problems in a short time is...
Stack Overflow is widely regarded as the most popular Community driven Question Answering (CQA) website for programmers. Questions posted on Stack Overflow which are not related to programming topics, are marked as 'closed' by experienced users and c...
Understanding the trajectory of a coronal mass ejection (CME), including any deflection from a radial path, and the orientation of its magnetic field is essential for space weather predictions. Kay et al. (2015b) developed a model, Forecasting a CME'...
We restate Kay's 1998 hypothesis which simultaneously offers an objective definition for the entropy of a closed system, a microscopic foundation for the Second Law, a resolution of the Information Loss (and other) Black-Hole Puzzle(s) and an objec...
This document is one of the deliverable reports created for the ESCAPE project. ESCAPE stands for Energy-efficient Scalable Algorithms for Weather Prediction at Exascale. The project develops world-class, extreme-scale computing capabilities for Euro...
World models can foresee the outcomes of different actions, which is of paramount importance for autonomous driving. Nevertheless, existing driving world models still have limitations in generalization to unseen environments, prediction fidelity of c...
The increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) can provide substantial electricity to the grid, supporting the grids' stability. The state space model (SSM) has been proposed as an effective modeling method for power prediction and centralized...
The Extended Supersymmetric Standard Model (ESSM), motivated on several grounds, introduces two vectorlike families (16 + 16-bar) of SO(10)) with masses of order one TeV. It is noted that the successful predictions of prior work on fermion masses a...
In this chapter we review the various suggested channels for the formation and evolution of blue straggler stars (BSSs) in different environments and their observational predictions. These include mass transfer during binary stellar evolution - case...
Record companies invest billions of dollars in new talent around the globe each year. Gaining insight into what actually makes a hit song would provide tremendous benefits for the music industry. In this research we tackle this question by focussing...
Accurate prediction of spin-state energy difference is crucial for understanding the spin crossover (SCO) phenomena and is very challenging for the density functional approximations, especially for the local and semi-local approximations, due to delo...
The KIDS framework for the nuclear equation of state (EoS) and energy density functional (EDF) offers the possibility to explore systematically the effect of EoS parameters on predictions for a variety of observables. The EoS parameters can be varied...
As large language models advance toward superhuman performance, ensuring their alignment with human values and abilities grows increasingly complex. Weak-to-strong generalization offers a promising approach by leveraging predictions from weaker model...
Measurements with low Z targets at internal experiments typically imply a gas load which deteriorates the ring vacuum. Future experiments need reliable estimates for the expected vacuum conditions in order to design 4-pi detectors closely surroundi...
Bugs are essential in software engineering; many research studies in the past decades have been proposed to detect, localize, and repair bugs in software systems. Effectiveness evaluation of such techniques requires complex bugs, i.e., those that are...
The demand for precision predictions in the field of high energy physics has dramatically increased over recent years. Experiments conducted at the LHC, as well as precision measurements at the intensity frontier such as Belle II require equally prec...